Personal Finance Essentials

Credit and Debt

Credit and Debt

Understanding

Credit and Debt

Most important purchases cannot be paid for in cash, simply because of the cost. The average wedding costs $33,000; new automobiles $50,000; college $100,000 to $400,000; the average home $430,000.

Credit lets you borrow money to buy now, and you repay the debt via monthly payments, usually over a set period.

The amount you can borrow depends in part on your credit score, which is set by credit reporting agencies. Your score is determined by your income, record of borrowing and repayments, current indebtedness and other factors.

The State of Consumer Debt
Americans have $1.8 trillion in student debt, an average $41,530 per student borrower, plus

$1.7 trillion in auto loans, $12 trillion in credit card debt and $12.6 trillion in mortgage debt.

The average American has four credit cards, with a total balance owed of $3,848. Many Americans find themselves in debt due to:

Unexpected financial challenges, such as divorce, job loss or medical expenses
Committing future income to current expenses. “Buy Now Pay Later” programs let you purchase goods today (from clothes to dinners out) and pay the bills in months to come. But when those months arrive, you discover that your paycheck is already obligated – forcing you to engage in more BNPL transactions to support new spending. The result: 43% of BNPL users had overdrawn a bank account in the previous 12 months, compared with 17% of non-users.
Lack of financial planning. When you don’t have a plan for how you’ll use your money, you tend to use it frivolously.

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Understanding Your Credit Report

Credit reports reveal your credit, loan, employment, and legal history to lenders, employers and landlords.

Change Your
Financial Mindset

Focus on your financial goals instead of today’s spontaneous purchasing inclinations.

Understanding Your Credit Score

Your credit score indicates your borrowing risk to lenders.

Be Wary of Credit Repair Promoters

No one can “fix” your
credit except you.

How to
Get Out
of Debt

Create a strategic repayment plan by following this strategy.

Building a Sound Cash Management System

Manage your checking, savings and credit accounts wisely to keep your money safe, earning interest and working efficiently for you.

Protecting
Your
Identity

Protect your personal information, monitor your accounts regularly and act immediately if your identity is stolen.

Smart
Credit Card Habits

Use credit cards as convenient tools, not substitutes for cash reserves.